GCSE / IGCSE Physics including exams

Orientate yourself within the Learndirect online platform and establish the study habits that will underpin your success. This introductory unit explains how to navigate course materials, use the tutor messaging system, and approach self-directed online learning effectively. You will also receive guidance on how to plan your study schedule across the duration of the course and prepare practically for AQA written examinations.

Explore the foundational principles that underpin all of physics, including mass, matter, and the force of gravity. You examine scientific measurement and units, the importance of accuracy and precision in experimental work, and the mathematical relationships that govern physical quantities. This unit establishes the language and conventions of physics that carry through every subsequent topic on the AQA specification.

Investigate the sub-atomic world through the lens of the standard model of particle physics. You learn about the fundamental constituents of matter – quarks, leptons, and the forces that act between them – and examine how the model describes the interactions observed in particle accelerators and cosmic ray experiments. The unit connects particle theory to nuclear phenomena covered later in the specification.

Examine the nature, properties, and applications of electromagnetic radiation across the full spectrum from radio waves to gamma rays. You study how different types of radiation are produced, absorbed, and detected, and consider the hazards and benefits associated with each region of the spectrum. Practical applications in medicine, communication, astronomy, and industry are explored to contextualise the science within everyday life.

Analyse the concept of energy in all its forms – kinetic, gravitational potential, thermal, chemical, elastic, and nuclear – and apply the principle of conservation of energy to a range of physical systems. You study energy transfer mechanisms including conduction, convection, radiation, and work done, and evaluate the efficiency of energy systems in the context of renewable and non-renewable power generation. The unit develops quantitative skills in calculating energy values and interpreting power and efficiency data.

Build a thorough understanding of electrical circuits, current, voltage, resistance, and power. You examine the behaviour of series and parallel circuits, the characteristics of key components including resistors, diodes, and capacitors, and the relationship between voltage, current, and resistance expressed in Ohm’s Law. Mains electricity, the National Grid, and the physics of alternating current are also covered, providing a complete picture of electricity in both experimental and real-world contexts.

Study the kinetic particle model as applied to solids, liquids, and gases, and use it to explain changes of state, density, pressure, and temperature. You examine how internal energy relates to the movement of particles, explore the gas laws quantitatively, and develop an understanding of specific heat capacity and latent heat. Atoms, molecules, elements, and compounds are placed within this model to connect particle physics with observable bulk properties of substances.

Explore the structure of the atom, the discovery of the nucleus through Rutherford’s scattering experiment, and the arrangement of protons, neutrons, and electrons. You study isotopes, nuclear stability, and the processes of radioactive decay – alpha, beta, and gamma – alongside the concept of half-life and its practical applications in medical imaging, carbon dating, and nuclear power generation. The unit also addresses radiation hazards and safety procedures.

Apply Newton’s three laws of motion to the analysis of forces and their interactions. You study contact and non-contact forces, resolve forces using vector diagrams, and calculate resultant forces, acceleration, momentum, and pressure. The unit covers the physics of motion – speed, velocity, distance–time and velocity–time graphs – as well as stopping distances, braking forces, and the conservation of momentum in collisions.

Investigate the properties of transverse and longitudinal waves, including amplitude, frequency, wavelength, and wave speed. You examine sound waves, light waves, and seismic waves, studying reflection, refraction, diffraction, and interference. The unit includes the wave model of electromagnetic radiation, the physics of the electromagnetic spectrum in detail, and explores how wave behaviour underpins technologies from fibre optics to ultrasound diagnostics.

Examine the fundamentals of magnetism – permanent magnets, induced magnetism, and magnetic field patterns – and explore the motor effect, electromagnetic induction, and the operation of transformers. You study the relationship between electricity and magnetism through Fleming’s Left-Hand Rule, the principles underlying electric motors and generators, and the role of electromagnetic induction in the National Grid and in everyday electromagnetic devices.

Look beyond the Earth to explore the structure of the solar system, the life cycle of stars, and the large-scale structure of the universe. You examine the evidence for the Big Bang theory, including the cosmic microwave background radiation and the redshift of distant galaxies, and study how scientists use electromagnetic radiation across the spectrum to investigate distant objects. The unit connects particle physics, nuclear physics, and wave theory to astrophysical observation and cosmological models.

Consolidate your knowledge and sharpen your exam technique through a full set of mock examinations modelled on the AQA GCSE Physics papers. Timed practice under realistic conditions develops the speed, accuracy, and confidence needed for your official exams. Detailed mark schemes allow you to self-assess your responses and identify any remaining gaps in knowledge or technique before your formal AQA papers.